HGB Ep. 622 - Nemacolin Castle

Moment in Oddity - Robert Liston, Fastest Knife in the West End (Suggested by: Jared Rang)

Anesthesia was first used during surgery in October of 1846. Prior to that, patients would often go into shock during surgery if it were not performed quickly enough. Blood loss was also increased if the surgery was not performed fast. A legendary Scottish surgeon, Robert Liston, was known as "The Fastest Knife in the West End", due to his incredible speed while performing amputations. He was famous for being able to perform leg amputations in under 30 seconds. Prior to beginning the amputations, he was well known for saying, "Time me, gentlemen". Robert Liston was a pioneer in his field, becoming the first Professor of Clinical Surgery in Europe. He performed Europe's first public surgery under anesthesia on December 21st, 1846. Due to Robert Liston's desire for speed during surgery, he did have a few mishaps. During a leg amputation, Liston reportedly removed the patient's testicles inadvertently. He also was infamously known for a speed surgery that he performed which resulted in a 300% mortality rate. How could this be, you ask? Well, during the amputation of a patient's leg, Liston accidentally cut his assistants fingers which lead to infection and the assistants death. The amputee patient also died of gangrene. And a nearby witness to the surgery suddenly believed he had been stabbed during the surgery and is said to have died from shock, most likely, a heart attack. Some accounts label this story as fabricated, but regardless, in today's day and age, the thought of speed surgeries and amputations, certainly are odd.

Nemacolin Castle (Neem ah colon)

The Nemacolin Castle is also known as the Bowman's Castle and is found in Brownsville, Pennsylvania. While the mansion itself dates back to the Victorian era, there are things on the property that go back even further than that with remnants from the former Fort Burd here and even before that from indigenous people. The Bowman family built the castle and three generations lived here before it became the museum it is today. There are claims that nearly a dozen ghosts haunt the property. Join us for the history and hauntings of Nemacolin Castle.  

The site where the castle would end up being built was prime real estate for the indigenous tribes near the Brownsville area. They left behind earthwork mounds, one of which was named Redstone Old Fort by the colonists who settled here. Brownsville became a gateway for westward expansion particularly because of its location near the Monongahela (muh·naang·guh·hee·luh) River. The name means "falling banks." Before the French and Indian War in the 1750s, the land was popular hunting grounds, but people weren't living here. The area was long reported as being empty and unpopulated when the indigenous people left. The Ohio Company of Virginia began a survey of the region in 1749 with a goal of bringing 1,000 families to the future Brownsville. The guide for the group was a Native American named Nemacolin. In 1759, Fort Burd was built on the future site of the castle, which was a high bluff above the Monongahela (muh·naang·guh·hee·luh) River, and named for Colonel James Burd who was the British officer that ordered the building of the fort. Burd is credited with fortifying the Pennsylvania frontier. Before we get into talking about the castle property, the city of Brownsville has had a rough time of it. The Rust Belt suffered greatly after the industrial economy failed. Brownsville was a port town that built keel boats and steamers and then the steel and iron industry was here and eventually there was coal mining. When all of this went away, the town's population diminished and the downtown area was practically abandoned. Revitalization has only begun just a few years ago. We imagine that many of the location could be haunted just from being abandoned. A lot of great buildings had to be demolished because they fell into such ruin. Some of the interesting location here that still exist include the following. The Dunlaps Creek Bridge was the first cast iron bridge built in the United States and this was from 1836 to 1839. The Historic Saint Peter's Church was built in 1843 in the Gothic Revival style and was the first Catholic parish in Fayette County and is the oldest continuously operating parish in Western Pennsylvania. The Flatiron Building was built in 1830 and is one of the oldest, most intact iron commercial structures west of the Allegheny Mountains. Another historic home in the town is the Thomas H. Thompson House, also known as Wayside Manor, which was built in the Spanish Colonial Revival style in 1906. The house has a hipped roof with red Spanish tile, carved stone detailing and dormers on three sides of the roof. There is also a carriage house on the property dating to 1917. 

In 1783, John Bowman arrived in the future Brownsville and worked as a merchant and built a home. He was followed by his brother Jacob Bowman in 1786. Jacob was in the employ of a man named Robert Elliot who bought the first lot in Brownsville. Elliot bought that plot from Thomas Brown who was platting out the city that would be named for him, Brownsville. Jacob's parents had originally come to America from Germany. He was born in Hagerstown, Maryland in 1763 and then he came to Brownsville.

In 1788, Jacob purchased the first parcel of land where the castle was built shortly after the American Revolutionary War from a man named William Lynn. Jacob built a trading post with a space above it for him to live, which was a perfect location because it was located at the Redstone Creek river crossing. This location near the river made Brownsville the perfect place for building flatboats for travelers and traders on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. This was a terminus for the Nemacolin's Trail. The first wagon load of merchandise for the trading post arrived from over the mountains on Cumberland Road in 1789. The following year, Jacob had enough money to buy a half lot next to the parcel he had already bought. Jacob had learned the mercantile business from his former employer Robert Elliot and Elliot went on to set up a string of trading posts with another partner named Colonel Eli Williams. And we bring that up because it leads into this interesting tidbit. Remember how we have talked about General "Mad Anthony" Wayne on other episodes? Well, Colonel Williams was carrying supplies to General Wayne in 1794 when Native Americans killed him on the way. The first nail factory west of the Alleghenies was started by Jacob in 1795. With the original trading post, Jacob had built a log addition that served as a kitchen and then in 1805, he rebuilt the kitchen out of stone. This is referred to as the trading post room at the museum today. The interior has a large fireplace that was used for cooking. The Nemacolin Castle is clearly a hodgepodge of different designs and materials and that is because this started out as that trading post and then the Bowmans added to it over the years as it became the large home it is today. The name Nemacolin Castle really fits because the mansion resembles a castle with a prominent front tower topped with a crenellated parapet and a battlement running alongside it. The site still holds part of Fort Burd, the well that was dug by the soldiers who served there. There is still water down in the well and it can be seen at the museum. The name Nemacolin for the castle came from the Lenape chief Nemacolin who helped to improve and mark the ancient Native American trail through the Alleghenies known as Nemocolin's Trail. 

The mansion was built up to three stories out of stone in 1822. Jacob married Isabel Lowry in 1787 and the couple had nine children, five daughters and four sons. Jacob had been the first president of the bank and his sons James and Goodloe followed in those footsteps. Another son named Nelson was a cashier and director at the bank. His son William became an Episcopal minister and Rector at Grace Church. The daughters were Mary, Anna, Louisa, Matilda and Harriet. Jacob died in 1847 and he left the house to his son Nelson. 

Nelson had married Elizabeth Dunn in 1856 and they had six children, but only two survived to adulthood. The couple added the east wing of the house, updated the nursery from a colonial style to Victorian style and added the brick tower that gave the house its castle appearance. As a matter, starting in 1859, local books refer to the house as being fort-like with a castle-like residence. Nelson died in 1892 and the obituary said he lived in a "castle shaped house." Charles Bowman was one of Nelson's sons and he inherited the house. He had been born in 1867 and lived his entire live at the Bowman Castle. He served as a Justice of the Peace in the area for many years and married Lelia Jacobs in 1897 and they had two sons. Charles and Lelia redecorated the drawing room, library, sitting room and other parts of the house. The couple enjoyed throwing extravagant parties in the house during the Roaring 20s. Charles died in 1945 and Lelia continued to live in the house until her death in 1959. The family decided that it would be best to turn the home into a museum and they hire Esther Brain to run it. Esther restored parts of the house and made some changes. In 1961, the Brownsville Historical Society formed and they leased the castle from the family. Charles Bowman Jr. died in 1962 and the house was put on the market after that. Fayette County ended up purchasing the house in 1965. The house was designated as a National Historic Site in 1975 and got some much needed funds to replace the roof and do extensive renovations. The balconies would be restored in 1986. The house really has been meticulously refurbished and features 22 rooms with gorgeous and unique fireplaces and mantles, colored glass, marble sinks, carved wood and hand-hewn beams. The Brownsville Historical Society manages the museum.

Many of the items in the house have been in the Bowman family for years and were donated to the museum. Other interesting items have also been added. One of mine and Diane's favorite things about visiting these old homes that are now museums are all the antiques that can be found inside and we always manage to run across some new things we haven't seen before. We did a virtual tour of the castle and added some more of these to our list. 

They have the original plate that Jacob brought with him and ate off of, as well as a folding chair that came apart for easy transport. They also have Jacob's original postmaster desk that is 260 years old and it has slots for keeping people's mail. The house holds many unique features including a chimney cupboard that got that name because this is a type of closet that is the size of a chimney, so the family wouldn't have to pay that extra room tax. There is also a one-spring horse and a child would sit on it and instead of rocking, they would bounce on it and it would scoot across the floor. This had real hair from a horse for the mane and the saddle on it was made from real leather. This particular toy is in great shape and even made an appearance on American Pickers. They have a Ben Franklin stove, which worked better than a fireplace because it kept the heat in the room rather than sending it up a chimney. The Bowmans brought some superstitions with them from Germany and one of those was that it was good luck to have a squirrel in the house, so they have a squirrel cage and there was an early form of a running wheel too. Later generations did a lot of traveling and they brought back many pieces of furniture and decorative items from Italy and France.

The town of Brownsville practically became a ghost town like many old towns in the Rust Belt. As industrial things like steel and coal left the region, so did the people. Many of the buildings in the downtown area were abandoned and fell into decay, but the town is striving to bring itself back and people coming to Nemacolin Castle are helping to do that. And that includes people coming for the ghosts at the castle. 

Paranormal claims have been made about the castle for many years and these include EVPs captured, the sound of disembodied footsteps and actual apparitions. The balcony doors have multiple locks and they are found open many times after they have been locked up tight. People claim to have identified ten distinct spirits here. Obviously, Jacob Bowman was very attached to this property and he is most often seen in the library of the home. His name has also been heard audibly by someone yelling it. Another spirit here is said to be Mary Bowman. Now, Jacob's daughter Mary lived to be 63 and this spirit seems to belong to a younger person. It's possible that Mary returned as a younger version of herself, but the Bowmans did lose four children before adulthood, so this spirit could belong to any one of them.  

A ghost dog is in the castle and one paranormal investigation group reported what felt like a dog nuzzling or pushing against a wrist in the nursery. The nursery seems to be the dog's favorite spot, but it has also been seen in the hallways. Amos was an indentured servant that worked for the Bowmans and he is said to walk the hallways. 

Nelson Bowman, who inherited the castle from his father Jacob, is said to haunt the library just like his father. Elizabeth Bowman, his wife, is also here in the afterlife and is seen often wearing a white dress and will run and scream down the hallways. The spirits of two little girls like to play hide and seek with investigators and hang out mostly in the nursery. One story claims that security sensors inside went off one night and when the police arrived, they saw a little girl looking down on them from a window. After they entered the castle, they found no one inside. The Lady of the Hall is seen wearing a dark colored Victorian dress with her hair pulled back and she is usually in the second-floor hallway. An elderly old woman's spirit has been encountered in the servant's quarters and so it is thought that this had been a servant to the family. Often, investigators feel as though their chest is tightening and they have trouble breathing in this space and it has been surmised that this ghost died from some kind of breathing issue like tuberculosis. The ghost is seen wearing a dark purple dress. 

The castle was featured on the Bio Channel TV show "My Ghost Story." Ghosts N'at did an investigation there in 2020 and they caught a knocking on their recorder and then and EVP right after saying, "I'm knocking." Arstatler did a ghost hunt in 2015 and wrote on TripAdvisor, "We did have some experiences to add to our ghost hunting adventures: voices, the piano playing by itself, and the always eerie feelings that occur. But aside from the ghost hunt, the place is just a wonderful historical site to visit." femmeforce wrote on reddit, "I've had many EVP's, creepy spirit box responses, and what appears to be a dark mist going down the hall. I cannot explain that so I keep going back."

JEB did a ghost hunt in 2017 and wrote on TripAdvisor, "Went to Nemacolin Castle on Feb 18th 2017 didn't know what to expect. Turned out to be a good night, Renee Kruse was Awesome with history of the property and her personal ghost stories of 15 yrs. Night started out slow but picked up quickly, had activity in the nursery with Mary. And the next room where Mr. Bowman bedroom was, someone saw a shadow figure on the mirror. Found artificial flowers in 2 doorways, got evp's from bishop's room. Heard footsteps and knocks in the bachelor room, also got words from the ovulus as affair and couple of names. When walking out of nursery sounded a pebble was thrown in my direction, nothing to be found. While checking my pictures got images of a woman in 2nd floor hallway twice. And a picture of a shadow figure in the nursery of a child, a woman with me heard her name called twice on the spirit box. Overall a good night." A couple years ago, the director from the castle was out walking his dog in the snow at night. He glanced up at the castle while he waited for his dog to do its business and he saw a young 20-something woman with dark hair looking out of a window at him. She faded away behind the curtain. He saw that there were no cars parked outside the castle, so there should be no one inside the house. The only footprints in the snow outside were his and his dog's. He called for another director to come out and they both searched the house to no avail. It had been locked up tight and no one was inside. Flash forward a few weeks and this same director was cleaning in the castle during the off season. He got to the library 
and he glanced at the portrait of Anne Bowman on the wall and he recognized her as the woman he had seen looking out the window. 

 Brownsville is starting its comeback and one of the key places helping with that is the Nemacolin Castle. There is no better example of the changes that have come to this area than this actual house, which unbelievably, was kept in the possession of just one family until it became a public venue. Is this why so many spirits have remained with the house? Is the Nemacolin Castle haunted? That is for you to decide!